공지 & 소식
공지 & 소식
1) 2026 '뉴'토플 리딩 무엇이 달라지는가
토플 리딩은 2026년 1월부터 ‘단계형’입니다. 먼저 쉬운 모듈을 안정적으로 통과해야만 상위 난이도 모듈로 진입할 수 있으며, 초기(쉬운) 구간에서 오답이 많이 나오면 22–24+ 이상의 점수대 진입이 사실상 막힙니다.
전체 시험 시간과 지문 길이가 줄어든 만큼 읽기 방식도 바뀌었습니다. 이메일·공지·채팅·SNS 등 실생활 텍스트가 크게 늘어 ‘무엇을·언제·누가·어떤 규정으로’ 같은 핵심 단서를 빠르게 포착‧비교하는 훈련이 필수입니다. Academic 지문은 대략 200단어 내외에 문항 5개 구성으로 간결해졌고, 주제는 최신 이슈 중심으로 재편되며 일부 구형 문항은 삭제되었습니다.
내부 데이터 기준으로 1단계 정답률이 최소 60–70%는 확보되어야 다음 단계 진입 가능성이 높아지며, 쉬운 모듈을 통과하지 못하면 최종 점수 상한이 낮아질 위험이 큽니다. 아울러 ‘Complete the Words(빈칸 채우기)’ 유형도 새로 도입되었으므로 실전형 독해와 단서 활용, 제한 시간 내 처리 속도를 아우르는 통합 대비가 요구됩니다.
2) 토플 리딩, 왜 이전 교재로 공부하면 필패인가
토플 리딩의 현재 형식과 기존 ‘장문 해석 위주’ 교재는 맞물리기 어렵습니다. 실시험은 실시간 운용을 전제로 한 모듈·현장형 문항으로 재편되었지만, 전통적 장문 중심 교재는 이메일·공지·채팅·SNS 등 실생활 텍스트와 ‘Complete the Words(빈칸 채우기)’ 유형까지 아우르는 훈련을 제공하지 못합니다.
2026 '뉴'토플을 기존 교재로도 충분히 준비된다는 주장은 사실상 “수영 잘하면 달리기도 잘한다” 논리와 비슷한 주장입니다. 또한 핵심 단서(시간·채널·규정·대상)를 신속·정확히 판독하는 훈련 공백이 커서, 쉬운 모듈 초반부터 즉시 실수가 발생하기 쉽고, 공지·이메일 등 상황별 어휘 운용이 미숙하면 근거 탐색 속도도 느려집니다. 학술 지문 역시 대략 200단어·문항 5개 중심의 최신 포맷과 주제 변화에 맞춘 대비가 부족해, 구형 유형에 최적화된 공부만으로는 현재 난이도와 속도 요구를 견디기 어렵습니다.
그 결과 초반부터 점수 상한이 낮아지고, 1단계에서 흔히 발목이 잡혀 상위 모듈 진입이 지연되며, 이는 최종적으로 22–24+ 이상 구간 진입 확률을 유의미하게 떨어뜨립니다.
3) 패트릭에듀 BLUE Book은 이렇게 구성됩니다
본 교재 ‘패트릭에듀 BLUE Book’은 토플 리딩의 초반 ‘쉬운 모듈’ 구간을 안정적으로 통과시키기 위해 설계된 실전형 커리큘럼입니다. 총 18개 챕터로 구성되며, 각 챕터는 실생활 지문 4개 + 아카데믹 지문 1개로 짜여 있습니다. 전체 분량은 실생활 지문 72개(모두 상이한 상황)와 아카데믹 지문 18개(모두 상이한 주제), 여기에 핵심 어휘 약 1,100개를 체계적으로 엮어 실제 시험에 필요한 표현·어휘를 촘촘히 커버합니다.
모든 지문에는 자세한 해석과 문항별 정답·근거(오답 근거 포함)가 제공되어, 왜 맞고 왜 틀렸는지까지 명확히 이해할 수 있습니다. 지문 형태는 이메일·공지·채팅·SNS 등 ‘시험 톤’의 실전 텍스트를 중심으로 구성했으며, 새로 도입된 ‘Complete the Words(빈칸 채우기)’는 별도 보조 교재로 분리해 집중 훈련이 가능하도록 했습니다.
전체적으로 시간 제약 하에서 핵심 단서(시간·채널·대상·규정) 포착 → 근거 기반 선택 → 오답 패턴 교정까지 한 흐름으로 연결되도록 설계해, 단기간에 점수화되는 독해 역량을 끌어올리도록 최적화했습니다.
4) 실제 교재 Day 3
Day 3
Day 3 (1) Read an email.
To: Utility Customers
From: City IT Services
Date: February 24, 2026
Subject: Water Billing Portal Update and Brief Login Outage—March 3, 10:30–11:00 A.M.
Hello customers,
On March 3, 2026, our team will deploy an update to the Water Billing web portal, and a brief login outage is scheduled between 10:30 and 11:00 A.M. During that window you may be unable to sign in. However, scheduled AutoPay drafts and mailed bills will not be interrupted, and account data remains safe—no device changes are required.
Please complete payments or profile updates outside the window, and use the portal or the city mobile app before 10:30 A.M. or after 11:00 A.M. If you need assistance, call Utility Billing at 555-0123 or visit the Customer Service desk at City Hall.
Note: Avoid submitting payments during the outage so we can finish the update quickly.
Best regards,
Evan Morales, City IT Services
Questions
1. Why did Evan Morales send this email?
A. Replace online access with phone-only service going forward.
B. Require device resets and password changes after a breach.
C. Suspend AutoPay drafts and mailed bills during maintenance.
D. Announce a portal update and a brief 10:30–11:00 A.M. login outage.
2. When is it appropriate to submit a payment through the portal/app?
A. At 10:30 A.M., as the window opens.
B. By 11:00 A.M., while the outage is active.
C. Between 10:35 and 10:55 A.M. if the site briefly loads.
D. Before 10:30 A.M. or after 11:00 A.M. through the portal or city app.
Day 3 (2) Read a notice.
Parking Meter Rate Update
The new parking meter rate takes effect at 3:00 P.M. on June 14, 2026. Current rates apply until that time, and drivers are required to pay the posted rate during signed hours. Meters and the mobile app will display the updated price at the start time, and existing time limits remain unchanged.
Questions
3. Where will the updated price be shown at the start time?
A. On the meters and on the city website.
B. On street signs and in the mobile app.
C. On the meters and in the mobile app.
D. In mailed notices and on bulletin boards.
4. Which statement matches the policy described?
A. Drivers must pay the posted rate during signed hours.
B. Drivers may ignore signed hours until 3:00 P.M.
C. Drivers may extend posted time limits after 3:00 P.M.
D. Drivers pay the new rate all day on June 14, 2026.
5. What is indicated about the current parking rate?
A. It ends shortly before 3:00 P.M. on June 14, 2026.
B. It remains in effect until 3:00 P.M. on June 14, 2026.
C. It continues for the rest of June 14, 2026.
D. It changes after the posted time limits are updated.
Day 3 (3) Read a social media post.
We’re raising funds for the campus pantry with a bake sale. Pre-order cupcakes, cookies, and bread using the club’s web form by 4:15 P.M., August 8, 2026. Pick up orders at the Student Union patio from 11:30 A.M. to 1:00 P.M., August 10, 2026. Walk-ups are welcome while supplies last. Proceeds support emergency grocery vouchers.
Use the QR code on the poster or tap the pre-order link in this post. Please list a pickup name and phone number for confirmation.
Tip: bring a small tote to keep items from crumbling. If it rains, we will move pickup to the Student Union lobby. Questions? Call the club desk at 555-0142 between 9:00 A.M. and 5:00 P.M.
Questions
6. What is the main purpose of this post?
A. Explain how grocery vouchers are distributed.
B. Announce a permanent move to the lobby.
C. Promote a pantry bake sale and preorder pickup.
D. Remind readers to call before ordering.
7. What information must be provided when placing a pre-order?
A. A mailing address and a campus ID barcode.
B. A department name and a supervisor signature.
C. A pickup name and a phone number for confirmation.
D. Only an email address; name and phone are optional.
Day 3 (4) Read a text chain.
Jae (8:32 A.M.): Can we meet on March 16, 2027 between 9:00 and 9:15 A.M.?
Min (8:34 A.M.): Yes, Lab 214. I will post a calendar invite.
Jae (8:36 A.M.): Roles: I handle methods and slides. You run data cleanup and charts.
Min (8:39 A.M.): Got it. Please send the draft figures by 6:00 P.M., March 15, 2027.
Jae (8:41 A.M.): Will do. I will upload to the course site and ping you.
Min (8:44 A.M.): Bring the headset. We record the demo clip right after.
Jae (8:46 A.M.): Backup plan: if the lab is full, meet at Study Room B.
Questions
8. How should the draft figures be shared with Min?
A. Email the file to Min directly, without any upload step.
B. Upload to the course site and send Min a quick ping.
C. Save to a USB drive and bring it to Lab 214.
D. Post to shared cloud storage with no follow-up message.
9. What backup plan is set if Lab 214 is unavailable?
A. Move the meeting to Study Room B as a backup.
B. Switch to Room 402 and cancel the demo recording.
C. Delay the meeting to March 17 at the same time.
D. Meet outside Lab 214 and wait for space to open.
10. What must Jae send by 6:00 P.M. on March 15, 2027?
A. The draft figures
B. The calendar invite
C. The demo headset
D. The backup room plan
Day 3 (5) Academic Passage
Inner Conflict
[1] Cognitive dissonance, a feeling of mental discomfort, occurs when people hold two conflicting beliefs or when their actions do not match their values. This tension can arise, for example, when someone thinks of themselves as honest yet chooses to lie or cheat. The clash between self-image and behavior creates stress that people are motivated to reduce.
[2] To resolve the inconsistency, people may change their behavior to fit their principles—ideally, by stopping the dishonest act. More often, however, they try to ease the discomfort by rationalizing or justifying what they did. In this way, they find reasons that let them still see themselves as good while continuing the problematic behavior.
[3] (A) For instance, a person who smokes despite knowing the risks might [[VOCAB]]downplay[[/VOCAB]] those risks or say, “everyone dies of something,” to justify the habit. (B) Likewise, a student who cheats but believes they are moral may claim the cheating was harmless or necessary. (C) Such explanations reduce dissonance and protect one’s self-image. (D) [[HIGHLIGHT]]Cognitive dissonance thus helps explain how people can hold inconsistent attitudes and actions while convincing themselves that the behavior is acceptable.[[/HIGHLIGHT]]
Questions
11. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How cognitive dissonance arises and how people try to reduce it
B. Why dishonest actions usually lead to social punishment
C. How smoking and cheating affect physical health
D. Why conflicting beliefs are difficult to recognize in others
12. In the passage, the word “downplay” is closest in meaning to
A. understate
B. magnify
C. overstate
D. extol
13. The phrase “This tension” in paragraph 1 refers to
A. the desire to be seen as honest by other people
B. the discomfort caused by conflict between beliefs or between values and actions
C. the social pressure to follow rules in school and at work
D. the risk of being punished for lying, cheating, or smoking
14. All of the following are stated in the passage EXCEPT
A. Tension between self-image and behavior after dishonest choices
B. Rationalizing lets people maintain a positive self-image
C. Dissonance helps explain inconsistent attitudes coexisting with actions
D. External rewards mostly serve as primary reducers of dissonance in many situations
15. What is the relationship between paragraphs 1 and 2?
A. Paragraph 2 explains ways people respond to the conflict introduced in paragraph 1.
B. Paragraph 2 argues that the discomfort described in paragraph 1 is usually beneficial.
C. Paragraph 2 provides historical evidence for the theory outlined in paragraph 1.
D. Paragraph 2 contrasts moral behavior with social punishment discussed in paragraph 1.
16. What does the passage suggest about reducing dissonance when actions align with values?
A. Dissonance typically increases with repeated action even if values match
B. Discomfort typically decreases when behavior aligns with personal principles
C. Change occurs without reasons or motives in most situations
D. Effects are limited mainly to adolescents rather than adults
17. According to the passage, which of the following is a common way people reduce cognitive dissonance?
A. They ignore their values and replace them with new ones immediately.
B. They seek external rewards to offset the discomfort.
C. They justify their behavior so they can still view themselves positively.
D. They remove all conflicting beliefs from their thinking at once.
18. Why does the author mention the smoker and the cheating student examples?
A. To illustrate how people justify behavior to reduce dissonance
B. To compare two kinds of harmful behavior
C. To show that punishment usually changes behavior
D. To argue that cheating is more serious than smoking
19. There are four positions in paragraph 3 where the following sentence could be added.
In both cases, the person explains away the behavior instead of admitting a conflict between actions and values.
Where would the sentence best fit?
A. Position A
B. Position B
C. Position C
D. Position D
20. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 3?
A. People usually accept inconsistent behavior only when others openly approve of it.
B. Cognitive dissonance occurs mainly when people are unaware of their own values.
C. Inconsistent attitudes and actions disappear once people recognize dissonance.
D. Cognitive dissonance helps explain why people can accept behavior that conflicts with their beliefs.
5) 2026 뉴토플 리딩 교재 공개 판매 없습니다. 등록생 한정 제공 안내
2026년 11월 현재, Patrick Edu는 2026형 New TOEFL 리딩(특히 RIDL 모듈) 구조를 반영한 자체 교재로 수업 중입니다. 이 교재는 외부 판매·출판 계획이 당분간 없으며, 등록하신 학생에게만 제공됩니다.
왜 비공개인가요?
• 시험 반영 속도: 실제 시험 경향이 수시로 변합니다. 저희 교재는 주차별로 업데이트되어 고정 출판물로는 반영이 늦습니다.
• 개인화 설계: 영상 선학습 → 동일 강사 1:1 지도 체계에 맞춰 문항·리포트가 학생별로 달라집니다.
• 품질 관리: 모의고사–오답 리포트–어휘 누적까지 한 시스템으로 관리해야 효과가 극대화됩니다.
실제 교재 Day 7 샘플
Complete the Words(빈칸 채우기) 교재 샘플
1) 2026 '뉴'토플 리딩 무엇이 달라지는가
토플 리딩은 2026년 1월부터 ‘단계형’입니다. 먼저 쉬운 모듈을 안정적으로 통과해야만 상위 난이도 모듈로 진입할 수 있으며, 초기(쉬운) 구간에서 오답이 많이 나오면 22–24+ 이상의 점수대 진입이 사실상 막힙니다.
전체 시험 시간과 지문 길이가 줄어든 만큼 읽기 방식도 바뀌었습니다. 이메일·공지·채팅·SNS 등 실생활 텍스트가 크게 늘어 ‘무엇을·언제·누가·어떤 규정으로’ 같은 핵심 단서를 빠르게 포착‧비교하는 훈련이 필수입니다. Academic 지문은 대략 200단어 내외에 문항 5개 구성으로 간결해졌고, 주제는 최신 이슈 중심으로 재편되며 일부 구형 문항은 삭제되었습니다.
내부 데이터 기준으로 1단계 정답률이 최소 60–70%는 확보되어야 다음 단계 진입 가능성이 높아지며, 쉬운 모듈을 통과하지 못하면 최종 점수 상한이 낮아질 위험이 큽니다. 아울러 ‘Complete the Words(빈칸 채우기)’ 유형도 새로 도입되었으므로 실전형 독해와 단서 활용, 제한 시간 내 처리 속도를 아우르는 통합 대비가 요구됩니다.
2) 토플 리딩, 왜 이전 교재로 공부하면 필패인가
토플 리딩의 현재 형식과 기존 ‘장문 해석 위주’ 교재는 맞물리기 어렵습니다. 실시험은 실시간 운용을 전제로 한 모듈·현장형 문항으로 재편되었지만, 전통적 장문 중심 교재는 이메일·공지·채팅·SNS 등 실생활 텍스트와 ‘Complete the Words(빈칸 채우기)’ 유형까지 아우르는 훈련을 제공하지 못합니다.
2026 '뉴'토플을 기존 교재로도 충분히 준비된다는 주장은 사실상 “수영 잘하면 달리기도 잘한다” 논리와 비슷한 주장입니다. 또한 핵심 단서(시간·채널·규정·대상)를 신속·정확히 판독하는 훈련 공백이 커서, 쉬운 모듈 초반부터 즉시 실수가 발생하기 쉽고, 공지·이메일 등 상황별 어휘 운용이 미숙하면 근거 탐색 속도도 느려집니다. 학술 지문 역시 대략 200단어·문항 5개 중심의 최신 포맷과 주제 변화에 맞춘 대비가 부족해, 구형 유형에 최적화된 공부만으로는 현재 난이도와 속도 요구를 견디기 어렵습니다.
그 결과 초반부터 점수 상한이 낮아지고, 1단계에서 흔히 발목이 잡혀 상위 모듈 진입이 지연되며, 이는 최종적으로 22–24+ 이상 구간 진입 확률을 유의미하게 떨어뜨립니다.
3) 패트릭에듀 BLUE Book은 이렇게 구성됩니다
본 교재 ‘패트릭에듀 BLUE Book’은 토플 리딩의 초반 ‘쉬운 모듈’ 구간을 안정적으로 통과시키기 위해 설계된 실전형 커리큘럼입니다. 총 18개 챕터로 구성되며, 각 챕터는 실생활 지문 4개 + 아카데믹 지문 1개로 짜여 있습니다. 전체 분량은 실생활 지문 72개(모두 상이한 상황)와 아카데믹 지문 18개(모두 상이한 주제), 여기에 핵심 어휘 약 1,100개를 체계적으로 엮어 실제 시험에 필요한 표현·어휘를 촘촘히 커버합니다.
모든 지문에는 자세한 해석과 문항별 정답·근거(오답 근거 포함)가 제공되어, 왜 맞고 왜 틀렸는지까지 명확히 이해할 수 있습니다. 지문 형태는 이메일·공지·채팅·SNS 등 ‘시험 톤’의 실전 텍스트를 중심으로 구성했으며, 새로 도입된 ‘Complete the Words(빈칸 채우기)’는 별도 보조 교재로 분리해 집중 훈련이 가능하도록 했습니다.
전체적으로 시간 제약 하에서 핵심 단서(시간·채널·대상·규정) 포착 → 근거 기반 선택 → 오답 패턴 교정까지 한 흐름으로 연결되도록 설계해, 단기간에 점수화되는 독해 역량을 끌어올리도록 최적화했습니다.
4) 실제 교재 Day 3
Day 3
Day 3 (1) Read an email.
To: Utility Customers
From: City IT Services
Date: February 24, 2026
Subject: Water Billing Portal Update and Brief Login Outage—March 3, 10:30–11:00 A.M.
Hello customers,
On March 3, 2026, our team will deploy an update to the Water Billing web portal, and a brief login outage is scheduled between 10:30 and 11:00 A.M. During that window you may be unable to sign in. However, scheduled AutoPay drafts and mailed bills will not be interrupted, and account data remains safe—no device changes are required.
Please complete payments or profile updates outside the window, and use the portal or the city mobile app before 10:30 A.M. or after 11:00 A.M. If you need assistance, call Utility Billing at 555-0123 or visit the Customer Service desk at City Hall.
Note: Avoid submitting payments during the outage so we can finish the update quickly.
Best regards,
Evan Morales, City IT Services
Questions
1. Why did Evan Morales send this email?
A. Replace online access with phone-only service going forward.
B. Require device resets and password changes after a breach.
C. Suspend AutoPay drafts and mailed bills during maintenance.
D. Announce a portal update and a brief 10:30–11:00 A.M. login outage.
2. When is it appropriate to submit a payment through the portal/app?
A. At 10:30 A.M., as the window opens.
B. By 11:00 A.M., while the outage is active.
C. Between 10:35 and 10:55 A.M. if the site briefly loads.
D. Before 10:30 A.M. or after 11:00 A.M. through the portal or city app.
Day 3 (2) Read a notice.
Parking Meter Rate Update
The new parking meter rate takes effect at 3:00 P.M. on June 14, 2026. Current rates apply until that time, and drivers are required to pay the posted rate during signed hours. Meters and the mobile app will display the updated price at the start time, and existing time limits remain unchanged.
Questions
3. Where will the updated price be shown at the start time?
A. On the meters and on the city website.
B. On street signs and in the mobile app.
C. On the meters and in the mobile app.
D. In mailed notices and on bulletin boards.
4. Which statement matches the policy described?
A. Drivers must pay the posted rate during signed hours.
B. Drivers may ignore signed hours until 3:00 P.M.
C. Drivers may extend posted time limits after 3:00 P.M.
D. Drivers pay the new rate all day on June 14, 2026.
5. What is indicated about the current parking rate?
A. It ends shortly before 3:00 P.M. on June 14, 2026.
B. It remains in effect until 3:00 P.M. on June 14, 2026.
C. It continues for the rest of June 14, 2026.
D. It changes after the posted time limits are updated.
Day 3 (3) Read a social media post.
We’re raising funds for the campus pantry with a bake sale. Pre-order cupcakes, cookies, and bread using the club’s web form by 4:15 P.M., August 8, 2026. Pick up orders at the Student Union patio from 11:30 A.M. to 1:00 P.M., August 10, 2026. Walk-ups are welcome while supplies last. Proceeds support emergency grocery vouchers.
Use the QR code on the poster or tap the pre-order link in this post. Please list a pickup name and phone number for confirmation.
Tip: bring a small tote to keep items from crumbling. If it rains, we will move pickup to the Student Union lobby. Questions? Call the club desk at 555-0142 between 9:00 A.M. and 5:00 P.M.
Questions
6. What is the main purpose of this post?
A. Explain how grocery vouchers are distributed.
B. Announce a permanent move to the lobby.
C. Promote a pantry bake sale and preorder pickup.
D. Remind readers to call before ordering.
7. What information must be provided when placing a pre-order?
A. A mailing address and a campus ID barcode.
B. A department name and a supervisor signature.
C. A pickup name and a phone number for confirmation.
D. Only an email address; name and phone are optional.
Day 3 (4) Read a text chain.
Jae (8:32 A.M.): Can we meet on March 16, 2027 between 9:00 and 9:15 A.M.?
Min (8:34 A.M.): Yes, Lab 214. I will post a calendar invite.
Jae (8:36 A.M.): Roles: I handle methods and slides. You run data cleanup and charts.
Min (8:39 A.M.): Got it. Please send the draft figures by 6:00 P.M., March 15, 2027.
Jae (8:41 A.M.): Will do. I will upload to the course site and ping you.
Min (8:44 A.M.): Bring the headset. We record the demo clip right after.
Jae (8:46 A.M.): Backup plan: if the lab is full, meet at Study Room B.
Questions
8. How should the draft figures be shared with Min?
A. Email the file to Min directly, without any upload step.
B. Upload to the course site and send Min a quick ping.
C. Save to a USB drive and bring it to Lab 214.
D. Post to shared cloud storage with no follow-up message.
9. What backup plan is set if Lab 214 is unavailable?
A. Move the meeting to Study Room B as a backup.
B. Switch to Room 402 and cancel the demo recording.
C. Delay the meeting to March 17 at the same time.
D. Meet outside Lab 214 and wait for space to open.
10. What must Jae send by 6:00 P.M. on March 15, 2027?
A. The draft figures
B. The calendar invite
C. The demo headset
D. The backup room plan
Day 3 (5) Academic Passage
Inner Conflict
[1] Cognitive dissonance, a feeling of mental discomfort, occurs when people hold two conflicting beliefs or when their actions do not match their values. This tension can arise, for example, when someone thinks of themselves as honest yet chooses to lie or cheat. The clash between self-image and behavior creates stress that people are motivated to reduce.
[2] To resolve the inconsistency, people may change their behavior to fit their principles—ideally, by stopping the dishonest act. More often, however, they try to ease the discomfort by rationalizing or justifying what they did. In this way, they find reasons that let them still see themselves as good while continuing the problematic behavior.
[3] (A) For instance, a person who smokes despite knowing the risks might [[VOCAB]]downplay[[/VOCAB]] those risks or say, “everyone dies of something,” to justify the habit. (B) Likewise, a student who cheats but believes they are moral may claim the cheating was harmless or necessary. (C) Such explanations reduce dissonance and protect one’s self-image. (D) [[HIGHLIGHT]]Cognitive dissonance thus helps explain how people can hold inconsistent attitudes and actions while convincing themselves that the behavior is acceptable.[[/HIGHLIGHT]]
Questions
11. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How cognitive dissonance arises and how people try to reduce it
B. Why dishonest actions usually lead to social punishment
C. How smoking and cheating affect physical health
D. Why conflicting beliefs are difficult to recognize in others
12. In the passage, the word “downplay” is closest in meaning to
A. understate
B. magnify
C. overstate
D. extol
13. The phrase “This tension” in paragraph 1 refers to
A. the desire to be seen as honest by other people
B. the discomfort caused by conflict between beliefs or between values and actions
C. the social pressure to follow rules in school and at work
D. the risk of being punished for lying, cheating, or smoking
14. All of the following are stated in the passage EXCEPT
A. Tension between self-image and behavior after dishonest choices
B. Rationalizing lets people maintain a positive self-image
C. Dissonance helps explain inconsistent attitudes coexisting with actions
D. External rewards mostly serve as primary reducers of dissonance in many situations
15. What is the relationship between paragraphs 1 and 2?
A. Paragraph 2 explains ways people respond to the conflict introduced in paragraph 1.
B. Paragraph 2 argues that the discomfort described in paragraph 1 is usually beneficial.
C. Paragraph 2 provides historical evidence for the theory outlined in paragraph 1.
D. Paragraph 2 contrasts moral behavior with social punishment discussed in paragraph 1.
16. What does the passage suggest about reducing dissonance when actions align with values?
A. Dissonance typically increases with repeated action even if values match
B. Discomfort typically decreases when behavior aligns with personal principles
C. Change occurs without reasons or motives in most situations
D. Effects are limited mainly to adolescents rather than adults
17. According to the passage, which of the following is a common way people reduce cognitive dissonance?
A. They ignore their values and replace them with new ones immediately.
B. They seek external rewards to offset the discomfort.
C. They justify their behavior so they can still view themselves positively.
D. They remove all conflicting beliefs from their thinking at once.
18. Why does the author mention the smoker and the cheating student examples?
A. To illustrate how people justify behavior to reduce dissonance
B. To compare two kinds of harmful behavior
C. To show that punishment usually changes behavior
D. To argue that cheating is more serious than smoking
19. There are four positions in paragraph 3 where the following sentence could be added.
In both cases, the person explains away the behavior instead of admitting a conflict between actions and values.
Where would the sentence best fit?
A. Position A
B. Position B
C. Position C
D. Position D
20. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 3?
A. People usually accept inconsistent behavior only when others openly approve of it.
B. Cognitive dissonance occurs mainly when people are unaware of their own values.
C. Inconsistent attitudes and actions disappear once people recognize dissonance.
D. Cognitive dissonance helps explain why people can accept behavior that conflicts with their beliefs.
5) 2026 뉴토플 리딩 교재 공개 판매 없습니다. 등록생 한정 제공 안내
2026년 11월 현재, Patrick Edu는 2026형 New TOEFL 리딩(특히 RIDL 모듈) 구조를 반영한 자체 교재로 수업 중입니다. 이 교재는 외부 판매·출판 계획이 당분간 없으며, 등록하신 학생에게만 제공됩니다.
왜 비공개인가요?
• 시험 반영 속도: 실제 시험 경향이 수시로 변합니다. 저희 교재는 주차별로 업데이트되어 고정 출판물로는 반영이 늦습니다.
• 개인화 설계: 영상 선학습 → 동일 강사 1:1 지도 체계에 맞춰 문항·리포트가 학생별로 달라집니다.
• 품질 관리: 모의고사–오답 리포트–어휘 누적까지 한 시스템으로 관리해야 효과가 극대화됩니다.
실제 교재 Day 7 샘플
Complete the Words(빈칸 채우기) 교재 샘플